Similarly, session recording monitors mouse movements, clicks, scrolling and typing, even if you don’t click “submit.”Īd trackers know when you browsed where, which browser you used, and what your device’s internet address is. Some websites also use key logging, which monitors what you type into a page before hitting submit. They identify you when you visit other sites so advertisers can follow you around.
Most websites feature ad trackers and third-party cookies, which are stored in your browser whenever you visit a site. Many late-model cars feature telematics that track locations–for example, OnStar or Bluelink. People volunteer their locations for ride-sharing or for games like Pokemon Go or Ingress, but apps can also collect and share location without your knowledge. Bluetooth can identify and track your smartphone, and not just for COVID-19 contact tracing, Apple’s “Find My” service, or to connect headphones. GPS tells weather apps or maps your location, Wi-Fi uses your location, and cell-tower triangulation tracks your phone. Whether or not you pass under the gaze of a surveillance camera or license plate reader, you are tracked by your mobile phone. Among the customers for this largely unregulated data are federal, state and local law enforcement agencies. There is a large market for personal data, compiled from information people volunteer, information people unwittingly yield–for example, via mobile apps–and information that is stolen in data breaches. However, private data brokers also track this kind of data and help surveil citizens–without a warrant. They need a warrant to use cellphone search equipment: Connecting your device to a mobile device forensic tool lets them extract and analyze all your data if they have a warrant. But as a researcher who studies digital culture and secret communications, I believe that to understand how pervasive surveillance is, it’s important to recognize how physical and digital tracking work together.ĭatabases can correlate location data from smartphones, the growing number of private cameras, license plate readers on police cruisers and toll roads, and facial recognition technology, so if law enforcement wants to track where you are and where you’ve been, they can. Likewise, most people know about online tracking–and want Congress to do something about it.
Most Americans are aware of video surveillance of public spaces.
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